New Membrane Mimetics with Galactolipids : Lipid Properties

The specificities of plant enzymes and their effects on the seed oil

T2 - Dynamics of MBP, PLP and galactolipids. AU - Ozgen, Hande. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014.

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A defining feature of the vertebrate nervous system is the ensheathment of axons by myelin, a multilamellar membrane containing a small group of proteins and an abundance of the galactolipid galactocerebroside (GalC) and its sulfated derivative sulfatide. Several in vitro studies have suggested that these galactolipids transduce developmental signals, facilitate protein trafficking and stabilize membranes. Another reason is that galactolipids only represent a small fraction of the acylglycerolipids present in modern human diet. In herbivores such as horses, fish and folivorous insects, galactolipids may however represent the main source of dietary fatty acids due to their dietary habits and digestion physiology. The abnormal myelin structures present in the mutant animals are consistent with the possibility that the galactolipids play a role in regulating or mediating proper axo-glial interactions. The further detailed analysis of these animals should help refine our understanding of galactolipid function in the myelination process.

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Galactolipids are the major class of lipids present in the membranes of plastids and are essential for the synthesis of a functional photosynthetic apparatus (Kobayashi, Kondo, Fukuda, Nishimura, & Ohta, 2007). Until recently, our concept of GalC and sulfatide functions had been principally defined by immunological and chemical perturbation studies that implicate these lipids in oligodendrocyte differentiation, myelin formation, and myelin stability.

The specificities of plant enzymes and their effects on the seed oil

The predominant lipids  Oxo-phytodienoic acid-containing galactolipids in arabidopsis: Jasmonate Thus, arabidopsides may have a dual function: as antipathogenic substances and  While their precise functions are unclear, esterified oxylipins seem to play important 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, arabidopsis-thaliana, containing galactolipids,  Galactolipids containing the phytohormone 12-oxo-phytodienoic (OPDA), also called Most of the PRRs with known function in plant defense contain. Thylakoid Development and Galactolipid Synthesis in Cyanobacteria Koichiro Awai. 5. Role of Lipids in Chloroplast Biogenesis Koichi Kobayashi, Hajime Wada. av P Pettersson · 2019 — perform an equally large number of functions, the most fundamental thesis of extraplastidic galactolipids after phosphate deprivation in Ara-. av LR Cavonius · 2016 · Citerat av 2 — DHA contributes to the maintenance of normal brain and eye function in adults (250 hydrolyzes galactolipids, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Lipids and Lipid  Thylakoid membranes from spinach – Effect of processing on their function as membrane inhibiting lipase/co-lipase were surprisingly not galactolipids, but the  av H Forslund · 2009 · Citerat av 4 — perennial and function as substrate for many sessile marine organisms, On a local scale, biotic interactions can play a role in galactolipids (Deal et al. As a graduate student, she studied the role of galactolipids during chloroplast development.

These polar lipid molecules have “head” groups that attract water (i.e., are hydrophilic) and fatty acid “tails” that are oil soluble and repel water (i.e., are hydrophobic). This review highlights the large array of functions these two lipids assume. As a result of their multiple functions, they provide direct biochemical links between photosynthesis, chloroplast shape maintenance, jasmonate synthesis, phosphate starvation responses, freezing tolerance and probably other reactions. Galactolipids make up the bulk of photosynthetic membranes.
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Replacement of DGDG with the alternative glycolipid βGlcβGalDG provided the means to uncover specific functions of the galactolipid in photosynthesis.

The further detailed analysis of these animals should help refine our understanding of galactolipid function in the myelination process. Galactolipids represent the most abundant lipid class in thylakoid membranes, where oxygenic photosynthesis is performed.
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New Membrane Mimetics with Galactolipids : Lipid Properties

An appropriate ratio of βGalDG to αGalβGalDG is required to maintain the intricate bilayer characteristics required for insertion, folding, movement, and conformational changes of membrane proteins ( 6 ). The abnormal myelin structures present in the mutant animals are consistent with the possibility that the galactolipids play a role in regulating or mediating proper axo-glial interactions. The further detailed analysis of these animals should help refine our understanding of galactolipid function in the myelination process. As a result of their multiple functions, they provide direct biochemical links between photosynthesis, chloroplast shape maintenance, jasmonate synthesis, phosphate starvation responses, freezing tolerance and probably other reactions. The galactolipids have a range of important functions required for establishment of functional myelin and thus, they must be added to the expanding list of essential components of the myelin sheath. The multiplicity of functions performed by the myelin proteins and galactolipids indicates that the remarkable structure and function of myelin results from the combined contributions of its individual components.

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2006-05-09 Galactolipids make up the bulk of photosynthetic membranes. Oxygenic photosynthesis in cyanobacteria and plants depends on the presence of galactolipids.

Galactolipids, mainly monogalactosyl diglycerides and digalactosyl diglycerides are the main lipids found in the membranes of plants, algae and photosynthetic microorganisms like microalgae and cyanobacteria. As such, they are the main lipids present at the surface of earth. 2006-05-09 Galactolipids make up the bulk of photosynthetic membranes. Oxygenic photosynthesis in cyanobacteria and plants depends on the presence of galactolipids. The ratio of the two galactolipids carrying one or two galactoses in the head group is crucial for the maintenance of membrane integrity during stress. The galactolipids have a range of important functions required for establishment of functional myelin and thus, they must be added to the expanding list of essential components of the myelin sheath. The multiplicity of functions performed by the myelin proteins and galactolipids indicates that the remarkable structure and function of myelin results from the combined contributions of its Galactolipids were identified in the X-ray structures of photosynthetic complexes.